Rajaganesh department of zoology, annamalai university, annamalai nagar608 002, india corresponding author abstract introduction the textile industry is one of the industries that generate a high volume of waste. Studies on aquatic plants have shown that uptake of heavy metal is mostly initiated by a phase of rapid and passive absorption. In recent years, the number of research studies concerning the use of efficient processes to clean up and minimize the pollution of water bodies has been. Bioremediation of heavy metals by using bacterial mixtures. Investigators cannot fully understand the details of whether and how bioremediation is occurring at a site. The bioremediation volume contains reports on nine projects that include bioventing and land treatment technologies, as well as a unique, largescale slurryphase project. Doctoral thesis bioindication and bioremediation of. The state of the art of bioremediation technology as well as examples of more or less successful case studies are published in many books during the last 20 years 14, 16, 19, 25, 26, 29, 31, 35, 37, 3941, 4345, 47.
Introduction to in situ bioremediation of groundwater es3. Microbial biodegradation and bioremediation brings together experts in relevant fields to describe the successful application of microbes and their derivatives for bioremediation of potentially toxic and relatively novel compounds. Suidan, 1university of cincinnati cincinnati, oh 45221 2u. For instance, the volume of rhizopus nigricans hyphostroma absorbing 96. Application of bioremediation on solid waste management. Additionally, the column was cleaned with injection of a sample volume of air in.
White rot fungi wrf are increasingly being investigated and used in bioremediation, because of their ability to degrade an extremely diverse range of very persistent or toxic environmental pollutants. A branch of biotechnology which deals with the use of living organisms such as microbes and bacteria to remove contaminants, pollutants and toxins from soil and water. Bioremediation of polluted waters using microorganisms. Toxicity and bioremediation of heavy metals contaminated.
Introduction to in situ bioremediation of groundwater. Intrinsic bioremediation manages the innate capabilities of naturally occurring microbial communities to degrade environmental pollutants without taking any engineering steps to enhance the process. The class v underground injection control study volume 16. A doctoral dissertation completed for the degree of doctor of. The parabolic partial differential equation developed was resolved into a system of ordinary differential equations. Process mechanism, role of various enzymes of microbes in bioremediation, mechanistic issues of sonobiodegradation, renaissance of. Benzene and toluene biodegradation with different dissolved. Bioremediation of lowpermeability, pentachlorophenolcontaminated soil by laboratory and fullscale processes. Individual units can treat contaminated soil ranging in quantities from 20 to 40 yd3 at a time, and several units may be combined at one site for larger soil volumes. Bioremediation can be grouped into two broad types. Remediation of polluted sites using microbial process bioremediation has proven effective and reliable due to its ecofriendly features. Bioremediation of diesel oil contaminated soil and water. Bioremediation and pollution prevention united states environmental protection agency epa530f97042 october 1997. Department of civil engineering, oregon state university, corvallis, or, 1998.
Many different methods of bioremediation are available. The design process commonly includes bench and pilotscale treatability studies. Chitosan was found to be an effective bioflocculant for the separation of algae via the flocculationaided settlement method. Figure 22 illustrates the differences between the two. When compared to standard practices, effluent volumes generated by bioremediation are substantially smaller reducing the problem of sludge disposal. Bioremediation is based on the basic principles of biotechnology and microbiology. Last, financial and econimical aspects are considered. There has been evidence that compost piles existed as far back as 6000 bc, and in 1891 the first biological sewage treatment plant was created in sussex, uk. A study of groundwater contamination and bioremediation. Bioremediation has become an attractive alternative to physicochemical methods of remediation of polluted sites. Earth and environmental science, volume 118, global colloquium on geosciences and engineering 20171819 october 2017, bandung, indonesia. As such, it uses relatively lowcost, lowtechnology techniques, which generally have a high public acceptance and can often be carried out on site.
Engineering applications of artificial intelligence. Research project publication details demonstration of a. Bioremediation of crude oil contaminated soil using organic. All are specifically designed, licensed and operated to provide waste generators and remediation companies with a responsive program for the expeditious removal. This may prove to be a good strategy for developing an effective, efficient, and economic method of heavy metal bioremediation, and the introduction of these indigenous bacteria could be used for. Bioremediation with the bacterial mixtures of isolated strains is an effective method for heavy metal removal from contaminated environments. It was determineci, based on field investigation and shidy, that bioremediation was a suitable alternative for remediation of the contaminateci soil in and around the pit. Volume 4, issue 6 microbial decolorization and degradation of orange 16 dye by a newly isolated aeromonas spp. May 01, 2020 trobaugh dj, woods sl, carter kj, workman d.
Harvesting algal culture in different proportions, 1090% volume, revealed that the lessfrequent removal of larger volume produced similar amount of biomass but required lower labor cost. Epa, office of solid waste and emergency response subject. The european project minotaurus explored innovative bioprocesses to eliminate emerging and classic organic pollutants. Phytoremediation case study, manhattan kansas by ashley marie stiffarm b. Bioremediation involved the use of biological systems for the removal or reduction of contamination from air, soil and water. They found that the quantities of fertilizer npk i. In particular, bioremediation is often used to mean using beneficial bacteria and microorganisms, phytoremediation uses plants, and mycoremediation uses fungi and mushrooms. Microbial bioremediation of heavy metals from textile. Bioremediation uses living things to break down or remove toxins and harmful substances from soil and water. Sun oil pipeline spill in ambler, pennsylvania 1970s continuing bioremediation projects by richard raymond of sun oil mid1980s emphasis on bioengineering organisms for bioremediation. Microbial systems are most widely employed in bioremediation programs. Bioremediation of crude oil contaminated soil using. Bioremediation techniquesclassification based on site of. It utilizes the biological mechanisms inherent in microbes and plants to eradicate hazardous pollutants and restore the ecosystem to its original condition.
Repeated measures analysis of variance for redox potento repeatedmeasure anova was adjusted for the heterotial e h in the soil solution, with depth and time duration as. Article pdf available in international journal of advanced research 46. All are specifically designed, licensed and operated to provide waste generators and remediation companies with a. Example of fish applied to sample detecting sphingomonas sp. In this lesson youll learn about some of the applications and uses of bioremediation. This thesis is concerned with the following studies.
Bachelors thesis 42 pages, appendices 7 pages december 2014 bioremediation of contaminated soil containing crude oil is a technique process whereby biological systems are harnessed to affect the cleanup of environmental pollutants. The discharge of untreated tannery wastewater containing biotoxic substances of heavy metals in the ecosystem is one of the most important environmental and health challenges in our society. Hence, there is a growing need for the development of novel, efficient, ecofriendly, and costeffective approach for the remediation of inorganic metals cr, hg, cd, and pb released into. Multi objective optimization for process control of the insitu bioremediation system under uncertainty. History of bioremediation 1972 first commercial application. Enhancing bioremediation of saudi desert soils polluted. This singlesource reference encompasses all categories of pollutants and their applications in a convenient, comprehensive package. Microbial biodegradation and bioremediation 1st edition. Graduate studies for acceptance a thesis entitled bioremediation of creosote treated wood waste by bopeng zhang in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of applied science. Bioremediation can either be carried out ex situ or in situ, depending on several factors, which include but not limited to cost, site characteristics, type and concentration of pollutants. The packing of the fluidized bed bioreactor was optimized in order to boost bioremediation rates. College, sec11, chandigarh, india160014 corresponding authors email.
In situ bioremediation of crude petroleum oil polluted. Bioremediation is defined as the process whereby organic wastes are biologically degraded under controlled conditions to an innocuous state, or to levels below concentration limits established by regulatory authorities 2 for bioremediation to be effective, microorganisms must enzymatically attack the pollutants and convert them to. The maximum elimination capacities ec of ethanol were 75 and 225 g m3 sawdust h1 in the fluidized and packed beds respectively. Bioremediation is a technique used to remove environmental contaminants from the ecosystem. Bioremediation is an option that offers the possibility to destroy or render harmless various contaminants using natural biological activity. International journal of scientific and research publications, volume 4, issue 1, january 2014 2 issn 22503153. These bioprocesses are all based on the concept of immobilization of biocatalysts microorganisms and enzymes and encompass bioaugmentation, enzyme technology, rhizoremediation with halophytes, and a bioelectrochemical. Can be genetically engineered to potentially improve metal recovery. Existing bioremediation techniques are mostly using bacteria as degradation. Insitu soil and groundwater bioremediation techniques and.
Bioremediation is a costeffective and environmentally sound remediation technology, particularly for dealing with petroleum hydrocarbon contamination. Principles and practice, provides state of the art description of advances in pollution treatment and reduction using biological means. Volumes 2 through 23 present information summaries for each of the 23 categories of wells that were studied volume 21 covers 2 well categories. Definition of bioremediation in simple words, bioremediation is a process of environmental improvement, in which organisms play a key role. Development of a vitamin b12amended bioremediation process. Mathematical modelling of in situ on site bioremediation of crude petroleum polluted soil was investigated. In these projects, petroleum hydrocarbons are the most frequent contaminants of concern. From the introduction this three volume set, bioremediation. Some processes are energy intensive and, in some cases, transport can be the main source of carbon emissions.
It is the use of microorganisms to remove environmental pollutants of soil, water and sediments 20. Many books are specialized in specific applications of bioremediation such as bioremediation of mtbe 48, perchlorate 49. These are only some parameters that should be factored into the design of any bioremediation system 37, 40, 72, 106108. Bioremediation techniques are more economical than traditional methods and pollutants can be treated on site, thus reducing exposure risks for personnel. The goal in evaluating in situ bioremediation is to assess whether the weight of evidence from tests such as those described above documents a convincing case. A commentary on coastal pollution and bioremediation. In addition, with fungal treatment the amount of organic matter in the soil can be. Material and methods sample collection soil samples were collected randomly from crude oil and petroleum contaminated. Thepotentialof ligninolyticfungi in bioremediation of. The citizens guides are 2page fact sheets that explain, in basic terms, the operation and application of the most frequently used innovative treatment technologies. Features, strategies and applications shilpi sharma post graduate govt. Foreword to the series, editorial board, about the editors, list of contributors, about the series, preface, biodegradation.
Biorernediation has been used extensively to remediate petroleumcontaminated soil. Pdf bioremediation techniquesclassification based on. Bioremediation technology for heavy metal pollution. Longterm performance of enhanced anaerobic bioremediation. Haskell indian nations university, 2012 a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree masters of science department of horticulture forestry recreation resources college of agriculture kansas state university manhattan, kansas 2015. Bioremediation is a biological mechanism of recycling wastes in to another form that. Development of a vitamin b 12amended pcb bioremediation strategy. Bioremediation, domestic wastewater, aquatic plants, aquatic animals. Phd thesis, faculty of engineering and applied science. These tests may be performed during the feasibility study or remedial design, are used to evaluate whether the proposed bioremediation remedy will be successful,and obtain important design criteria. The rate of biodegradation depends on both physicochemical and biological variables churchill et al. Two land treatment projects in this volume are completed cleanups at creosote sites. Multiobjective optimization of insitu bioremediation of. Pdf bioremediation of contaminated waterbased on various.
Bioremediation is a useful technique for removing contaminants from various environments. Volume 24, 2020 vol 23, 2019 vol 22, 2018 vol 21, 2017 vol 20, 2016 vol 19, 2015 vol 18, 2014 vol 17, 20 vol 16, 2012 vol 15, 2011 vol 14, 2010 vol, 2009 vol 12, 2008 vol 11, 2007 vol 10, 2006 vol 9, 2005 vol 8, 2004 vol 7, 2003 vol 6, 2002 vol 5, 2001 vol 4, 2000 vol 3, 1999 vol 2, 1998 vol 1, 19971998. Bioremediation of engineoil contaminated soil using local. Microbial bioremediation of heavy metals from textile industry dye effluents using isolated bacterial strains s. As a typical plant root system develops in a volume of soil larger than the normal size of a soil sample it could indicate an average pollution level in the soil layer. Fungi such as the white rot fungus phanaerochaete chrysosporium have the ability to degrade an extremely diverse range of persistent or toxic. In recent years, the number of research studies concerning the use of efficient processes to clean up and minimize the pollution of water bodies has been increasing. An example is given by introduction to bioremediation of groundwater. Phytoremediation of heavy metal toxicity and role of soil in. Biocell containers have an impermeable liner to reduce the potential migration of leachate. Microalgal bioremediation of nutrients in wastewater and. Pdf this paper presents a brief outline of the development of bioremediation technologies. Etl1949 maulin p shah, patel ka, nair ss, darji am and maharaul sj. The aim of the study was to find promising fungal strains, which could be used for bioremediation purposes in soil, water or in biofilters.
Microbial and plantassisted bioremediation of heavy metal. The parabolic partial differential equation developed was resolved into a system of ordinary differential equations odes by orthogonal. Biostimulation has been proven to be a promising bioremediation technique for the treatment of polluted soil. The white rot fungus, pleurotus tuberregium, was examined for its ability to. Water pollution is an issue of great concern worldwide, and it can be broadly divided into three main categories, that is, contamination by organic compounds, inorganic compounds e. This volume, which is volume 16, covers class v aquifer remediation wells.
However, the degradation rates of hydrocarbons are site specific and are limited by the metabolic capabilities of the hydrocarbondegrading microbial populations and also by a wide range of. Hindu college, nagercoil, tamil nadu, india key words. The pollution is eliminated directly at the place where it occurs or at the site of contamination so may be less expensive, create less dust, and it is possible to treat a large volume of soil and cause less release of contaminants. Screenings were carried out at the acbr, vienna and at irta, caldes. Bioremediation of creosotetreated wood waste by bopeng zhang. Bioremediation, contaminants, monitoring and saturation received 16 march 2011.
The aim of this thesis is to focus on one field of these novel soil and groundwater remediation technologies, namely insitu bioremediation, meaning biologically oriented technologies conducted in the site, without excavation and removal. According to the findings in this thesis, bioremediation microbial degradation and monitored natural attenuation microbial, physical and chemical degradation are both suitable techniques for remediation of dieselcontaminated sites in finland. Bioremediation of crude oil polluted soil by the white rot. Bioremediation provides a technology based on the use of living organisms, usually bacteria and fungi, to remove pollutants from soil and water, preferably in situ.
Environmental protection agency national risk management research laboratory cincinnati, oh 45268. Introduction the amount and activity of the population is increasing every year. In situ bioremediation of crude petroleum oil polluted soil. Soil remediation industries continue to seek technologies to speedup treatment and reduce operating costs. Longterm performance of enhanced anaerobic bioremediation and the occurrence of sustained treatment at chlorinated solvent sites by michael burcham the objective of this research was to evaluate the longterm performance of enhanced anaerobic bioremediation eab at chlorinated solvent sites and the occurrence of sustained treatment following eab. It is important to note that bioremediation is the controlled process of degradation of organic pollutants using soil microbes. Bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons in crude oil. Published 1 february 2018 published under licence by iop publishing ltd iop conference series. An unsteady state mathematical model based on bulk flow of oil through the soil and molecular diffusion through the pores of the soil was developed. Along with this increase also waste that is produced and released into the environment, either in the form of solid waste, liquid or gas.
Hence, there is a growing need for the development of novel, efficient, ecofriendly, and costeffective approach for the remediation of inorganic metals cr, hg, cd, and pb released into the environment. Bioremediation of industrial waste for environmental safety. Dynamic process control for insitu bioremediation system. May 02, 2020 bioremediation of pentachlorophenolcontaminated soil in laboratory and fullscale processes. Volume 1 provides an overview of the study methods, the usepa uic program, and general findings. Increased industrial and agricultural activity this century has led to vast quantities of the earths soil and groundwater resources becoming contaminated with hazardous chemicals. Bioremediation is conducted in specially licensed facilities situated at waste management landfills throughout north america. Bioremediation of ethanol in air using a gasfluidized bioreactor. This technology did not live up to its initial promise.
1298 436 956 500 882 871 1406 436 1062 899 113 1275 1409 257 987 1363 1093 8 1012 146 458 953 1454 696 1343 592 81 1075 521 921 393